L3 switch nima?
Layer 3 kommutatori – bu OSI modelining 3 pog’ona (asosan mac manzili orqali) asosida trafikni uzatuvchi qurilma. Layer 3 switchi barcha kommutatsiya funktsiyalarini qo’llab-quvvatlaydi, shuningdek, VLAN oralig’ida yo’naltirish funktsiyalariga ega.
Amaliyot
Cisco Packet Tracer dasturini ishga tushuramiz va ishni 2 ta kompyuter va 1 ta L3 switch ya’ni 3560-24PS modelini o’rnatamiz.
Kompyuterlarga ko’rsatilgan ip addresslarni yozamiz.
Routerni sozlashni boshlamiz:
Switch(config)#vlan 51 Switch(config)#exit Switch(config)#vlan 52 Switch(config)#exit Switch(config)#int fa1/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 51 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#int fa1/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 52 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#ip routing Switch(config)#interface vlan 51 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface vlan 52 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#exit
DHCP Server
- DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol;
- IP konfliktlarning oldini oladi;
- Qurilmaga IP address olish uchun broadcastdan foydalanadi;
- DHCP Pool – belgilangan tarmoq bo’yicha IP manzil beruvchi server;
- Excluded IP addresses – tarqatiluvchi manzillar isklyucheniya;
- Lease expiration time – manzillarni ijaraga berish vaqti isklyucheniya;
- Qurilma odatda qaytadan oldin olgan IP manzilini oladi;
DHCP Relay
DHCP Relay – bir nechta tarmoqlar uchun yagona DHCP server;
DHCP Server amaliyot
Cisco 2811 routeridan 1 ta Cisco 2960 switchidan 1 ta va 2 ta kompyuterni bog’laymiz.
Switchni sozlamiz:
Switch(config)#interface vlan 51 Switch(config)#exit Switch(config)#interface vlan 52 Switch(config)#interface fa0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 51 Switch(config)#interface fa0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 52 Switch(config)#interface fa0/24 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Routerni sozlamiz:
Router(config)#interface fa0/0.51 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 51 Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config)#exit Router(config)#interface fa0/0.52 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 52 Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config)#exit Router(config)#interface fa0/0 Router(config-if)#no shut
Routerni sozlamiz:
Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.10 Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vl51 Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.1.1 Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.1.1 Router(dhcp-config)#exit Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.10 Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vl52 Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.2.1 Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.2.1 Router(dhcp-config)#exit
