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L3 switch nima?

Layer 3 kommutatori – bu OSI modelining 3 pog’ona (asosan mac manzili orqali) asosida trafikni uzatuvchi qurilma. Layer 3 switchi barcha kommutatsiya funktsiyalarini qo’llab-quvvatlaydi, shuningdek, VLAN oralig’ida yo’naltirish funktsiyalariga ega.

Amaliyot

Cisco Packet Tracer dasturini ishga tushuramiz va ishni 2 ta kompyuter va 1 ta L3 switch ya’ni 3560-24PS modelini o’rnatamiz.

Kompyuterlarga ko’rsatilgan ip addresslarni yozamiz.

Routerni sozlashni boshlamiz:

Switch(config)#vlan 51
Switch(config)#exit
Switch(config)#vlan 52
Switch(config)#exit
Switch(config)#int fa1/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 51
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#int fa1/3
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 52
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#ip routing
Switch(config)#interface vlan 51
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface vlan 52
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#exit

DHCP Server

  • DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol;
  • IP konfliktlarning oldini oladi;
  • Qurilmaga IP address olish uchun broadcastdan foydalanadi;
  • DHCP Pool – belgilangan tarmoq bo’yicha IP manzil beruvchi server;
  • Excluded IP addresses – tarqatiluvchi manzillar isklyucheniya;
  • Lease expiration time – manzillarni ijaraga berish vaqti isklyucheniya;
  • Qurilma odatda qaytadan oldin olgan IP manzilini oladi;

DHCP Relay

DHCP Relay – bir nechta tarmoqlar uchun yagona DHCP server;

DHCP Server amaliyot

Cisco 2811 routeridan 1 ta Cisco 2960 switchidan 1 ta va 2 ta kompyuterni bog’laymiz.

Switchni sozlamiz:

Switch(config)#interface vlan 51
Switch(config)#exit
Switch(config)#interface vlan 52
Switch(config)#interface fa0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 51
Switch(config)#interface fa0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 52
Switch(config)#interface fa0/24
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

Routerni sozlamiz:

Router(config)#interface fa0/0.51
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 51
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)#exit
Router(config)#interface fa0/0.52
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 52
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)#exit
Router(config)#interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)#no shut

Routerni sozlamiz:

Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.10
Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vl51
Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.1.1
Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.1.1
Router(dhcp-config)#exit
Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.10 Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vl52
Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.2.1
Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.2.1
Router(dhcp-config)#exit