IP kommunikatsiya turlari
IP tarmoqlarda ma’lumotlarni uzatishning 3 asosiy usuli mavjud:
- Unicast
- Broadcast
- Multicast
![IP Adventure] A Packet's Adventures on Routers - 08](https://forum.huawei.com/carrier//data/attachment/forum/201604/27/20160427114203056001.png)
Unicast – paketni bitta hostdan boshqa hostga yuborish jarayoni.
Broadcast – paketni bitta hostdan tarmoqdagi barcha hostlarga yuborish jarayoni.
Multicast – paketni bitta hostdan ba’zi cheklangan hostlar guruhiga yuborish jarayoni.
IP sinflari
Subnet mask
Default gateway
DNS Server
Public & Private IP manzillar
IP: 186.158.8.43 Mask: 255.255.255.0
IP: 192.168.1.3 Mask: 255.255.255.0
| Public IP | Private IP |
|---|---|
| Tashqi tarmoqlarda ishlatiladi (WAN) | Ichki tarmoqlarda ishlatiladi (LAN) |
| Internet orqali bog’lanish mumkin | Internet orqali bog’lanish mumkin emas |
| Yer yuzida noyob manzil hisoblanadi | Faqat ichki tarmoqda noyob manzil hisoblanadi |
| Public manzillar pullik hisoblanadi | Private manzillar bepul hisoblanadi |
| Internet pravayderi tomonidan beriladi | Administrator tomonidan beriladi |
NAT (Network address translation)
