{"id":7926,"date":"2022-06-21T17:29:12","date_gmt":"2022-06-21T12:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/?p=7926"},"modified":"2022-11-09T10:55:05","modified_gmt":"2022-11-09T05:55:05","slug":"tarmoq-qurilmalarida-xavfsizlik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/tarmoq-qurilmalarida-xavfsizlik\/","title":{"rendered":"Tarmoq qurilmalarida xavfsizlik."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-112.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7927\" width=\"749\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-112.png 999w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-112-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-112-768x385.png 768w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-112-670x335.png 670w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Ciscoda tarmoq qurilmalar xavfsizligi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-medium-font-size\">Cisco qurilmalarini ruxsatsiz kirishdan himoya qilish uchun bir nechta parol turlari qo&#8217;llaniladi. Bular konsol uchun parollar, telnet va ssh orqali ulanish uchun parollar, shuningdek, qurilmaning pravilage rejimiga kirish uchun parolni belgilashni turlari mavjud. Ushbu parol turlari barcha tarmoq qurilmalariga o\u2019rnatiladi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-113.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7928\" width=\"237\" height=\"194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-113.png 474w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-113-300x246.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 237px) 100vw, 237px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Konsol rejimga parol o\u2019rnatish<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router#configure terminal<br>Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL\/Z.<br>Router(config)#line console 0<br>Router(config-line)#password MyPassword<br>Router(config-line)#login<br>Router(config-line)#exit<br>Router(config)#exit<br>Router#<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Telnet yoki SSH ga parol o\u2019rnatish<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router#configure terminal<br>Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL\/Z.<br>Router(config)#line vty 0 4<br>Router(config-line)#password MyPassword<br>Router(config-line)#login<br>Router(config-line)#exit<br>Router(config)#exit<br>Router#<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Pravilege rejimga parol o\u2019rnatish<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router#configure terminal<br>Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL\/Z.<br>Router(config)#enable password MyEnablePassword<br>Router(config)#exit<br>Router#<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router#configure terminal<br>Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL\/Z.<br>Router(config)#enable secret SecretPassword<br>Router(config)#exit<br>Router#<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Parollarni shifrlash xizmati<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router(config)#service password-encryption<br>Router(config)#exit<br>Router#show running-config<br>Building configuration\u2026<br>\u2026<br>enable secret 5 $1$mERr$KnP4XAeHLfyk\/RPXMCetr0<br>enable password 7 080C556B0718071B173B0D17393C2B3A37<br>\u2026<br>line vty 0 4<br>password 7 080C557E080A16001D1908<br>login<br>\u2026<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">SSH vs TELNET<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"605\" height=\"390\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-114.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7929\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-114.png 605w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-114-300x193.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">TELNET<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">ROUTER sozlamasi quyidagicha:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router&gt;enable\nRouter#conf t\nRouter(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0\/0\nRouter(config-if)#no shutdown\nRouter(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0\nRouter(config-if)#exit\nRouter(config)#line vty 0 15\nRouter(config-line)#password 123<\/pre>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"243\" height=\"351\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-115.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7932\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-115.png 243w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-115-208x300.png 208w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 243px) 100vw, 243px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">SSH<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-116-1024x456.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7933\" width=\"768\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-116-1024x456.png 1024w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-116-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-116-768x342.png 768w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-116.png 1027w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">ROUTER sozlamasi quyidagicha:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0\/0\nRouter(config-if)#no shutdown\nRouter(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0\nRouter(config-if)#exit\nRouter(config)#hostname R\nR(config)#ip domain-name R.uz\nR(config)#crypto key generate rsa 1024\nR(config)#enable secret cisco\nR(config)#username cisco secret 123\nR(config)#ip ssh version 2\nR(config)#ip ssh time-out 30\nR(config)#ip ssh authentication-retries 2\nR(config)#line vty 0 15\nR(config-line)#transport input ssh\nR(config-line)#login local<\/pre>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"327\" height=\"358\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-117.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7934\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-117.png 327w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-117-274x300.png 274w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 327px) 100vw, 327px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ssh -l cisco 192.168.10.1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">AAA serveri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-medium-font-size\">Qurilmaga murojat qilishning ikki xil usuli bor ular local va AAA server orqali amalga oshiriladi. AAA (Autentification, authorization, accounting) autentifikatsiyadan o\u2019tib avtorizatsiyadan o\u2019tgach xizmatlardan foydalanish huquqiga ega bo\u2019lish deganidir. AAA ning asosiy ikkita protokoli keng tarqalgan va ommaviy tarzda ishlatiladi. Ular RADIUS va Tacacs (Tacacs+) protokollaridir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-118.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7935\" width=\"647\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-118.png 862w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-118-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-118-768x574.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Radius vs Tacacs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"343\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-119-1024x343.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7936\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-119-1024x343.png 1024w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-119-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-119-768x257.png 768w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-119.png 1183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-120.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7937\" width=\"526\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-120.png 407w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-120-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Radius serverni sozlash:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"409\" src=\"http:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-121.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7938\" srcset=\"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-121.png 704w, https:\/\/step-up.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/image-121-300x174.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Routerni sozlash:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Router(config)#int fa0\/0<br>Router(config-if)#no shut<br>Router(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0<br>Router(config)#aaa new-model<br>Router(config)#radius-server host 10.1.1.10 key cisco<br>Router(config)#aaa authentication login default group radius local<br>Router(config)#username local password local<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AAA server, Telnet, SSH<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7940,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":2,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7926","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-network"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7926"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8374,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7926\/revisions\/8374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/step-up.uz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}