![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/image-12.png)
IP kommunikatsiya turlari
IP tarmoqlarda ma’lumotlarni uzatishning 3 asosiy usuli mavjud:
- Unicast
- Broadcast
- Multicast
![IP Adventure] A Packet's Adventures on Routers - 08](https://forum.huawei.com/carrier//data/attachment/forum/201604/27/20160427114203056001.png)
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/image-14.png)
Unicast – paketni bitta hostdan boshqa hostga yuborish jarayoni.
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/image-15.png)
Broadcast – paketni bitta hostdan tarmoqdagi barcha hostlarga yuborish jarayoni.
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/image-16.png)
Multicast – paketni bitta hostdan ba’zi cheklangan hostlar guruhiga yuborish jarayoni.
IP sinflari
![LFCA: Learn Classes of Network IP Addressing Range – Part 11](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Classes-of-IP-Addresses.png)
Subnet mask
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/SubnetMask.png)
Default gateway
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/DefaultGateway.png)
DNS Server
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/image-21.png)
Public & Private IP manzillar
IP: 186.158.8.43 Mask: 255.255.255.0
IP: 192.168.1.3 Mask: 255.255.255.0
![Pin on Estudiar](https://i.pinimg.com/474x/7d/18/a0/7d18a0ab05ed00e736f095fa2bd18219.jpg)
Public IP | Private IP |
---|---|
Tashqi tarmoqlarda ishlatiladi (WAN) | Ichki tarmoqlarda ishlatiladi (LAN) |
Internet orqali bog’lanish mumkin | Internet orqali bog’lanish mumkin emas |
Yer yuzida noyob manzil hisoblanadi | Faqat ichki tarmoqda noyob manzil hisoblanadi |
Public manzillar pullik hisoblanadi | Private manzillar bepul hisoblanadi |
Internet pravayderi tomonidan beriladi | Administrator tomonidan beriladi |
NAT (Network address translation)
![](http://step-up.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/image-24-1024x490.png)